vim cheat sheet

" file: vim-cheat-sheet.vim v.1.1.0 docs at the end

" 

" how-to start vim in the shell by opening list of files 

vim -o /path/to/some/file-1 /path/to/another/file-2

" how-to exit without saving (the hyphen meaning is the same for all commands )

:q! 

" open all the perl files in the current directory 

vim *.pl  

" open a new bugger with the ouptput from a command

find ~ -name '*vim*' | vim -

" press Esc press w to save the file ,q to quit , ! for not saving anything

:wq!

" how-to open a directory 

:e /etc/

"how-to save the changes  were editing. For saving the file under a different name, specify the file name.

:w 

" how-to list the opened files ( called in vim buffers ) 

:ls

" how-to close a buffer  

:bd <<buffer_number>>

" how-to close the current buffer 

:bd 

"Write the file and exit.

:wq 

" how-to reload the current buffer if the file has been edited by another tool

:edit

" how-to get help 

:help 

"how-to search or jump to 

/itemToSearchInTheText

" Hit Enter

" hit n to jump to the next match 

" hit N to jump to the previous match 

"how-to navigate in the text

" enter normal mode first , note this navigation keys work only in normal and visual modes

Esc

" how-to go one line below

j

" how-to go one line up 

k 

" how-to go one character left in normal mode  

l

" how-to go one character right in normal mode

h

" how-to backward a word in normal mode 

B

" how-to foward a word in normal mode 

e

" how-to go the begining of the document in normal mode

gg

" how-to go the end of the document 

G

" how-to jump to line number xxx ( for example line number 34 ) 

34G 

" how-to jump back from where you were in the previous time

' -(Press ' twice ) jump back to line (where you came from) 

" go to the beginning of the line 

^

" jump to the end of a line.

$ 

" jump to the beginning of a word.

b 

" go backwards a word 

B

" jump to a stringToSearchFor

:/stringToSearchFor

" jump to the previous occurence once having hit enter after the search 

N

" jump to the matching brackets [](){} .

" go on top of the bracket and press 

%

" how-to delete text

" how-to delete the current line 

dd 

" or 

:d 

" how-to delte 3 lines in normal mode

3d

" START COPY PASTE 

" how-to select text and copy paste

" first enter into visual mode 

Esc,v 

" navigate within the text with the navigation keys ( see above ) 

j,k,l,h

" than yank the selected into the register ( Ctrl + C in Windows - copy to clipboard ) 

y 

" or to cut it after the selection into the register ( Ctrl + X in Windows - cut it into the clipboard ) 

d 

" in visual mode Yank the current line. You do not need to highlight it first.

yy or :y or Y 

" Esc to run into the normal mode,navigate to the place where to paste the text and paste it: 

p 

" Undo the last actionUndo the last action

u 

" STOP COPY PASTE 

" START working with buffers 

" list the currently opened buffers ( or files for writing ) 

:ls

" open a file as another bugger

:e /path/to/file3

" switch again to the first bugger 

:b 1

" switch to the next buffer without saving the current one 

:bn!

" switch to the previous file buffer ( your will be prompted to save it if you have not done it yet)

:bp  

" go to the next buffer

:cnext 

" open the file under the cursor in Normal mode

gf 

" opens a new file in a new window

:split /usr/share/some.file  

" STOP working with buffers 

" START SEARCH AND REPLACE 

" how-to search and replace text with confirmation before each replace 

:%s/search_for_this/replace_with_this/c

" how-to Find and replace 

:%s/foo/bar/g Replace every occurrence of the word foo with bar in the whole file.

" how-to remove all the lines containing the string "clear"

:%s/^.*clear$\n//gi  

" For all lines in a file, find "string_to_find" and replace with "string_to_replace" for each instance on a line. Ask for confirmation 

:%s/string_to_find/string_to_replace/gc 

"  - For all lines between line marked "a" (ma) and line marked "b" (mb), find string "fff" and replace with string "rrrrr" for each instance on a line. Case insensitive. 

:'a,'bs/fff/rrrrr/gi

" For all lines in a file, delete blank spaces at end of line. 

:%s/*$/ 

" For all lines in a file, move last field delimited by ":" to the first field. Swap fields if only two.

:%s/\(.*\):\(.*\)/\2:\1/g 

" how-to get help on search and replace commands  

:help substitute 

:help pattern 

" STOP SEARCH AND REPLACE 

" where vim sets the settings of the "sessions" 

vim ~/.viminfo

" How to edit the colors of the current color scheme: 

" 1. Check the name of your current color scheme located at: /root/.vimrc or /home/usrname/.vimrc (attention come kind of aliasing ... )

:colorscheme elflord

" 2. Edit the current colorsheme 

locate elflord.vim 

" search for the section containinng the colors would like to edit

/comments

" 3. Pick a HEX number for the color of the comments you would prefer to have .. "40FF00 (google color table )

" Enters the file under the cursor into the editor in you commend line (normal mode).

Ctrl-R Ctrl-F 

Ctrl-R Ctrl-A Enters the text from the editor in you commend line (normal mode).

" As most other *nix applications, you can also pause Vim with Ctrl-z, which will drop you back to the shell. When you are re finished, you can resume Vim with fg. (This is a feature of the shell, not a Vim feature.)

" how-to show the current directory

:!pwd"  

" START folding 

" jump to the beginning char of the folding - for example the brackets of the function 

e

" change to visual mode

Esc , v

" select till the end of the desired folding region 

%

" to fold the region type the following command

:fold

" to open the just closed folded region 

zo 

" to close it back again 

zc 

" STOP folding

   " START indending 

   " enter normal mode

   Esc

   " enter visual mode

   v

   " select the text you would like to intent / shift wit the navigation keys

   " shift with 

   >>

   " or 

   <<

   " STOP indending 

" START SETTINGS 

" all of those could be set in the ~/.vimrc file 

" adjust the amount of space on pressing tab

:set tabstop=3

" set cursor showing matching brackets 

:set showmatch 

" set the appearance on the left side for the line numbers

:set number

" set syntax highlighting 

:set 

" set a specific type of syntax 

:set syntax=html

" set the heigt of the window 

:set winheight=90 

" set the default shift width 

:set sw=3

" set the columnn width to 120 characters 

:set co=120 

" set wrapping 

:set wrap 

" STOP SETTINGS 

" how-to create your own syntax highting 

" create your customizable syntax highlighting dir

mkdir -p ~/.vim/syntax/

" copy the already existing syntax file to this folder

cp -c /cygdrive/f/cygwin/usr/share/vim/vim73/syntax/perl.vim ~/.vim/syntax/

" edit the "overriding " syntax file 

: e ~/.vim/syntax/perl.vim

"

" START COMMANDS 

" Any UNIX command can be executed from the vi command line by typing an "!" before the UNIX command. 

" how-to insert the current date 

:r! date +"\%Y-\%m-\%d \%H:\%M:\%S"

" how-to insert the full paths from the current directory 

:r! find `pwd`

" navigate onto a file path and press 

gf

" to openn it into another buffer

" STOP COMMANDS 

"START Mappings 

"show all the mappings 

:map

" the keyboard shortcuts performing user defined commands which could be saved in the .vimrc file

" Ctrl + Tab for switching to the next buffer

map <C-Tab> :bn!<CR> 

map <f4> :bn! <CR> :bd "<CR>  Ctrl + F4 - for closing the current buffer

" STOP Mappings 

" 

" Purpose: 

" to provide a tutorial-like vim-cheat-sheet 

" 

" sources 

http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialAdvanced_vi.html

" 

" VersionHistory

" 1.0.1 --- 2012-12-26 11:58:40 --- ysg --- enhancements 

" 1.0.0 --- 2012-12-25 10:30:16 --- ysg --- Initial creation 

"

" eof file: vim-cheat-sheet.vim