vim cheat sheet

   # how-to start vim in the shell 

   vim -o /path/to/file1 /path/to/file2

   # press Esc, press w to save the file ,q to quit

   wq!

   #how-to get help in vim 

   :help 

   #how-to search or jump to 

   /itemToSearchInTheText --- works without the colon also 

   #how-to navigate in the text

   # enter normal mode first 

   Esc

   # how-to go one line below

   j

   # how-to go one line up 

   k 

   # how-to go one character left in normal mode  

   l

   # how-to go one character right in normal mode

   h

   # how-to backward a word in normal mode 

   B

   # how-to foward a word in normal mode 

   e

   # how-to go the begining of the document in normal mode

   gg

   # how-to go the end of the document 

   G

   # how-to jump to line number xxx ( for example 495 ) 

   495G 

   # how-to jump back from where you were in the previous time

   ' -(Press ' twice ) jump back to line (where you came from) 

   #

   Ctrl + O --- Ctrl + I --- e - 0 To the beginning of a line.

   $ To the end of a line.

   b To the beginning of a word.

   :/tokenToSearch n - N 

   :%s/search_for_this/replace_with_this/c   - confirm each replace

   :?tokenToSearch n - Ctrl + o - Ctrl + i - N - 

   [](){} %

   Deleting 

   dd or :d Delete the current line.

   # how-to select text and copy paste

   # first enter into visual mode 

   Esc,v 

   # navigate within the text with the navigation keys ( see above ) 

   # than yank the selected into the buffer ( Ctrl + C in Windows - copy to clipboard ) 

   y 

   # or to cut it after the selection with 

   d 

   yy or :y or Y Yank the current line. You don't need to highlight it first.

   u Undo the last action

   Esc to run into the normal mode 

   p - to paste

   Find and replace 

   :%s/foo/bar/g Replace every occurrence of the word foo with bar in the whole file.

   :%s/^.*clear$\n//gi --- remove all the lines containing the string "clear" 

   Find/Replace: 

   Example: 

   :%s/fff/rrrrr/g - For all lines in a file, find string "fff" and replace with string "rrrrr" for each instance on a line. 

   :%s/fff/rrrrr/gc - For all lines in a file, find string "fff" and replace with string "rrrrr" for each instance on a line. Ask for confirmation 

   :'a,'bs/fff/rrrrr/gi - For all lines between line marked "a" (ma) and line marked "b" (mb), find string "fff" and replace with string "rrrrr" for each instance on a line. Case insensitive. 

   :%s/*$/ - For all lines in a file, delete blank spaces at end of line. 

   :%s/\(.*\):\(.*\)/\2:\1/g - For all lines in a file, move last field delimited by ":" to the first field. Swap fields if only two. 

   For more info type: 

   :help substitute 

   :help pattern 

   :help gdefault 

   :help cmdline-ranges

   where vim sets the settings of the "sessions" 

   vim /root/.viminfo

   vim /home/sysadmin/.viminfo

   vim /home/nortel/.viminfo

   How to edit the colors of the current color scheme: 

   1. Check the name of your current color scheme located at: /root/.vimrc or /home/usrname/.vimrc (attention come kind of aliasing ... )

   set colorsheme=dark

   :colorscheme elflord

   2. Edit the current colorsheme 

   /usr/share/vim/vim63/colors/darkblue.vim

   /comments

   3. Pick a HEX number for the color of the comments you would prefer to have .. #40FF00 (google color table )

   Ctrl-R Ctrl-F Enters the file under the cursor into the editor in you commend line (normal mode).

   Ctrl-R Ctrl-A Enters the text from the editor in you commend line (normal mode).

   Mappings 

   the keyboard shortcuts performing user defined commands which could be saved at the /etc/vimrc

   map <C-Tab> :bn!<CR> ---- Ctrl + Tab for switching to the next buffer

   map <f4> :bn! <CR> :bd #<CR> --- Ctrl + F4 - for closing the current buffer

   As most other *nix applications, you can also pause Vim with Ctrl-z, which will drop you back to the shell. When you're finished, you can resume Vim with fg. (This is a feature of the shell, not a Vim feature.)

   Any UNIX command can be executed from the vi command line by typing an "!" before the UNIX command. 

   Examples: 

   ":!pwd" - shows your current working directory. 

   ":r !date" - reads the results from the date command into a new line following the cursor.

   http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialAdvanced_vi.html

   Working with files

   :bn -- switch to the next file buffer

   :bp -- switch to the previous file buffer 

   :ls -- list the opened file buffers

   :buffer 17 --- go to the file with number 17 listed in the previous command

   Go to line 10 :10

   Redo Ctrl+R 

   gf -- open the file under the cursor in Normal mode

   :bd --- close the current file buffer

   :e /var/tmp.txt open new buffer (and window ) with the /var/tmp.txt file 

   :new /path/to/the/file/to/open in 

   set winheight=90 (also could be added to /etc/vimrc

   vim *.pl --- open all Perl scripts in the current directory

   :cnext :bn -- go to the next buffer

   :ls list all the buffers

   :bn 3 -- go the nubmer of the buffer listed from the previous command 

   to Quit VIM :q

   to delete the line in the executable mode – dd

   :split /usr/share/some.file --- opens a new file in a new window

   :e /usr/share --- opens a directory (in a new buffer , no windows to mess around ) 

   :w filename Save changes to a file. If you don't specify a file name, Vim saves as the file name you were editing. For saving the file under a different name, specify the file name.

   :wq Write the file and exit.

   :q! exit without saving (the hyphen meaning is the same for all commands )

   : start folding 

   select block, then :fold

   zo - open

   zc - close

   : stop folding