Solaris Cheat sheet

echo Solaris Cheat Sheet
echo this Cheat Sheet contains quick copy paste stuff for Sun's Solaris OS
echo caveat ... some of the stuff has been copied from my Linux Cheat Sheet
echo and you know Linux is not Unix ; )

echo the time now is `date +%Y.%m.%d-%H:%M:%S`
id
uname -a

echo record the current session via script
script -a /export/home/username/SCRIPTSLOGS/`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`_script.log


echo /usr/bin is for normal user executables, /usr/sbin is for superuser executables, /usr/sfw is for external software (like gnu one), but provided with bundle of OS, /usr/ccs is for development utilities, usually not need for daily tasks like make, lex, yacc, sccs




echo where I have been lately ?
history | grep cd

echo take the last 5 commands for faster execution to the temp execution script

tail -n 5 /root/.bash_history >> /var/run.sh

echo I saw the command cd /to/some/suching/dir/which/was/very/long/to/type
so I redid it and saved my fingers
!345

history >history.txt ---- echo the last 1000 commands into a history.txt file

echo send that file to myself

cat history.txt | mail -s "test file sending" -c mail1@com
yordan.georgiev(boom)gmail.com

echo remove all trealing spaces from the history file works for TextPad

^([ ]*)([0-9]*)(.*)$

\3 --- replace with the pure commands

history | gawk -F1 'BEGIN {FS=" "};{print $2 , $3}' | less

echo display the history withouth the line numbers ...

history | perl -i -pe 's/^([ ]*)([0-9]*)(.*)$/$3/gi'





vi fileName anotherFile

echo how to deal with command outputs
command | filtercommand > command_output.txt 2>errors_from_command.txt

echo Hint after the less filter pressing s will prompt you for saving the
output to a file ...

echo find all files and folders containing the word toFind and pipe it to the less for easier viewing
find / -name "*toFind*" 2>/dev/null | less



echo find the files having os somewhere in their names and only those having linux
find . -name '*os*' | grep linux | less

echo find all xml type of files and display only the rows having wordToFindInRow
find . -name '*.xml' -exec cat {} \;| grep wordToFindInRow | less

echo The ultimate "find in files"
find / -name '*bash*' -exec grep -nH tty {} \;

echo or even faster , be aware of "funny file names xargs -0
find / -name '*bak' | xargs grep -nH tty

echo find and replace recursively
find . -name '*.html' -print0 | xargs -0 perl -pi -e 's/foo/bar/g'

echo putty , bash shortcuts
Ctrl + A --- Go to the beginning of the line you are currently typing on
Ctrl + E --- Go to the end of the line you are currently typing on

echo how-to mount an usb stick
echo remember to change the path other wise you will get the device is busy errror

mkdir /mnt/usbflash
mount /dev/sdb1 -t vfat /mnt/usbflash

umount /mnt/usbflash



head -n 20 tooLongFile -- display the first 20 lines of the file

echo change the uggly prompt

vi /etc/bashrc

echo get a nice prompt
PS1="\u@\h \t \w\n\\$ "

echo how to restart a process initiated at startup
/etc/rc.d/init.d/sendmail start | stop | status | restart

echo see all the rules associated with the firewall

iptables -L -v

gunzip *file.zip

echo decompress a tar achive
tar -xvf file.tar

echo zip all my txt files in the current directory into the zipArchiveName file
for file in *.txt
do zip zipArchiveName $file
done ;


To access the server download winscp.exe:

echo start winscp with a stored session from Win box
cmd /c start /max winscp oracle@192.168.255.12

echo To start remote session click on the putty screen , configure putty
settings to pull full screen with alt + Enter

echo right click on the title bar , settings , change the font , copy
paste from and to the terminal window text

echo how to ensure the sshd daemon is running

ps -ef | grep sshd


echo User and group management
echo add user with specifig home directory name and pass
useradd -p winscppass -r winscp -d /home/winscp --- to add a user with
useradd -u 1022215 -c "Yordan Georgiev, , yordan.georgiev@company.com" -m -d /export/home/username -s /bin/bash username



luserdel winscp --- delete the user

gpasswd: administer the /etc/group file
groupadd: Create a new group
groupmod: Modify a group
groupdel: Delete a new group

useradd: Create a new user or update default new user information
usermod: Modify a user account
userdel: Delete a user account and related files


echo how to kill process interactively

killall -v -i sshd

echo disk usage of users under the /home directory

du --max-depth=1 /home | sort -n -r



echo the most efficent way to search your history is to hit Ctrl R and
type the start of the command. It will autocomplete as soon as there’s
a match to a history entry, then you just hit enter. If you want to
complete the command (add more stuff to it ) use the right arrow to
escape from the quick search box ...

How to install Perl modules

gzip -dc yourmodule.tar.gz | tar -xof -

perl Makefile.PL

make test

make install

How to see better which file were opened , which directories were visited

type always the fullpath after the vi - use the $PWD env variable to
open files in the current directory , thus after opening the file
after:

vi /$PWD , press tab to complete the name of the current directory ,
type the name of the file

thus after

history | grep vi



the full list of opened files is viwed .

of course the same could be seen from the /home/username/.viinfo file /files

where to set the colors for the terminal (if you are lucky to have one
with colors; )

/etc/DIR_COLORS

open a file containing "sh" in its name bellow the "/usr/lib" directory

:r !find /usr/lib -name *sh*

go over the file and gf

uname -a --- which version of Linux I am using

rmp -qa --- show all installed packages

passwd [username] --- change the password for the specified user (own password)



How to copy paste text in the putty window from client to server -
click the right button of your pointing device

How to copy paste text from the putty window from server to client -
right-click the window title and select copy all to Clipboard.

To restart a service

service sshd restart

service --status-all --- show the status of all services

chown -R root:nortel Directory

echo perform action recursively on a set of files

find . -name '*.pl' -exec perl -wc {} \;

$ for file in *
> do cp $file $file.bak
> done

$ for file in `ls -R` ; do cp $file $file.bak; done


echo make Bash append rather than overwrite the history on disk:
shopt -s histappend

echo henever displaying the prompt, write the previous line to disk:
PROMPT_COMMAND='history -a'



gpm -- general "cut and paste" server

sh ScriptWithALotOfErrorMessages.sh | tee -a whereToSaveIt.log

echo run first the following command

$ script -a The_Log_File_To_Append_as_well_as_display_diagnostig_messages.log

echo than run the script

sh ScriptWithALotOfErrorMessages.sh

tr '\t' ',' < FileWithTabs > fileWithCommas

df -k --- disk usage

echo Allow access to the box from only one ip address

IPTables=/sbin/iptables
$ IPTables -A INPUT -s -p tcp
--source-port xxx -j ACCEPT
$ IPTables -A OUTPUT -d < Insert other Origin ip here > -p tcp
--destination-port xxx-j ACCEPT

echo has the root logged in over an unencrypted network ?

echo last | grep “^root “ | egrep –v “reboot|console” | more

echo start command in the background
command1 &

echo start another one
command2 &

echo bring the first command in the foreground
fg %1

echo create a backup file based on the timestamp on bash

cp fileName.ext fileName.ext.`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`.bak


echo which box I am workign currently
uname -a
echo who am I on this machine
id
echo the current time is( in yyyy.mm.dd HH:MM:SS format )
echo `date +%Y.%m.%d.%H.%M.%S`


find /opt/npm/sfw/oracle/EPM/11.1.1.3 -name "*assembly.dat" | cut -d/ -f9 | sort -u

echo get my IP address
/sbin/ifconfig -a | less

telnet -e "^g" 10.176.246.138 1025
telnet -e "^g" xldb-prod 1025

echo which process the username user is runnig and sort by process name
ps -fu username | sort +7

echo check whether host in DNS
nslookup hostName

echo show the ports which username user is using
/usr/local/bin/show-ports -u username

echo port forwarding with ssh from one host to another via ssh
ssh -L1423:hostName1:1423 hostName2

echo how-to setup port forwarding on Unix
ssh -L22:localhost:22 hostToForwardTo.domain.com

echo scp copy from local to remote host a file
scp ~/doc/SolarisCheatSheet.txt userName@hostName.domain.com:/path/OnHostName/ToCopyTo