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2010-07-27

Perl Cheat Sheet



#Perl Cheat Sheet 
 
# INSTALLING MODULES ON PERL 
perl -e -MCPAN "install 'GD'" 
ppm search module:name
 
 
#READ ALL ROWS OF A FILE TO ALIST 
open (INPUT, "<$inputfile") || print "could not open the file!\n"; 
@myfile = <INPUT>;
close INPUT;
 
 
#FOREACH LINE OF THE FILE DO SOMETHING
foreach my $line ( @lineArray  ) 
{
print "$line" ; 
} #eof foreach 
# END FOREACH LINE 
 
 
#GET A NICE TIME 
sub timestamp {
#
# Purpose: returns the time in yyyymmdd-format 
#
my ($sec,$min,$hour,$mday,$mon,$year,$wday,$yday,$isdst) = localtime(time); 
#---- change 'month'- and 'year'-values to correct format ---- 
$min = "0$min" if ($min < 10); 
$hour = "0$hour" if ($hour < 10);
$mon = $mon + 1;
$mon = "0$mon" if ($mon < 10); 
$year = $year + 1900;
$mday = "0$mday" if ($mday < 10); 
return "$year$mon$mday" . "_" . "$hour$min" . "_" . $sec; 
}
 
 
 
# READ ALL ROWS TO LIST
open (FILE,$file);
@rows = <FILE>;
close (FILE);
 
 
# GREP ALL ROWS CONTAINING 'MACHINE=' (TO A LIST)
@list = grep(/machine=/,@rows); 
 
# A NICE WAY TO CONCATENATE A STRING TO THE SAME STRING 
#--- Collect agents from yesterday ------------------------------
$sql = "select distinct(AgentName),LocationName from TransactionDetails td "; 
$sql .= "inner join Applications ap on td.ApplicationID = ap.ApplicationID ";
$sql .= "inner join Agents ag on td.AgentID = ag.AgentID ";
$sql .= "inner join Locations lo on td.LocationID = lo.LocationID ";
$sql .= "where ApplicationName like \'" . $APPLICATION . "\' and "; 
$sql .= "StartTime between \'" . $DAY2 . "\' and \'" . $DAY1 . "\' "; 
$sql .= "order by 1";
# THE EQUIVALENT OF THE SET COMMAND TROUGH THE COMMAND PROMT 
foreach $i (keys %ENV) 
{
print FH "$i : $ENV{$i} \n";
}
#accept a command line parameter 
our $CycleScriptRun_pid = $ARGV[0] ; 
 
 
#========================================================== 
#start a Windows process 
use Win32 ; 
use Win32::Process ; 
 
my $DayCycle_path= $varHolder->{'BASEDIR'} . " DayCycle.exe" ;
if( $varHolder->{VISIBLE_MODE} == 1)
{ Win32::Process::Create( $DayCycle_o, "$DayCycle_path", "" , 0, 
CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE ,$varHolder->{'BASEDIR'}); } 
else
{ Win32::Process::Create( $DayCycle_o, "$DayCycle_path", "" , 0,
CREATE_NO_WINDOW ,$varHolder->{'BASEDIR'}); } 
 
$DayCycle_pid = $DayCycle_o->GetProcessID() ; 
#========================================================== 
#==========================================================
#Purpose : to tie a file 
#============================= =============================
use Tie::File ; 
my @file_array = ();
my $file = 'C:/Temp/folder/settings.txt' ; 
tie @file_array , 'Tie::File', $file , memory => 100_000_000 or die "I cannot find the $file" ; 
 
foreach (@file_array) #foreach line of the file 
{ s/$setting=(\d+)/$setting=$value/; 
}
untie @file_array ; 
#==========================================================
#========================================================== 
# create a nameless hash
#========================================================== 
my $record = #one record for each cycle 
{
APP=> "$csAppName" , 
SCRIPT=> "$psCurrentScript" , 
STEP=> "$psCurrentStep" 
} ;
#========================================================== 
#========================================================== 
#simple  perl regex cheatsheet
#========================================================== 
Operators
m// 'Match' operator
s/// 'Substitute' operator 
tr/// 'Translate' operator 
 
# Special Characters
. Any single character escept newline n
b Between word and non-word chars, ie: /bcat/b/ matches "cat" but not "scat" 
B NOT between word and non-word chars 
w Word character 
W Non-word character
d Digit
D Non-digit
s White-space
S Non-white-space
 
# Assertions (Position Definers)
^ Start of the string
$ End of the string
 
# Quantifiers (Numbers Of Characters) 
n* Zero or more of 'n'
n+ One or more of 'n'
n? A possible 'n'
 
n{2} Exactly 2 of 'n'
n{2, } At least 2 (or more) of 'n' 
n{2,4} From 2 to 4 of 'n'
 
# Groupings
() Parenthesis to group expressions
(n/sitebuilder/regex/images/1/a) Either 'n' or 'a'
Character Classes
[1-6] A number between 1 and 6 
[c-h] A lower case character between c and h 
[D-M] An upper case character between D and M
[^a-z] Absence of lower case character between a and z
[_a-zA-Z] An underscore or any letter of the alphabet
 
Useful  Perl  Snippets
$mystring =~ s/^s*(.*?)s*$/$1/; Trim leading and trailing whitespace from $mystring 
$mystring =~ tr/A-Z/a-z/; Convert $mystring to all lower case
$mystring =~ tr/a-z/A-Z/; Convert $mystring to all upper case 
tr/a-zA-Z//s; Compress character runs, eg: bookkeeper -> bokeper
tr/a-zA-Z/ /cs; Convert non-alpha characters to a single space 
 
 
#=============================================================
#Install a perl module from behind a firewalll using ppm
#=============================================================
Example with Compress-Bzip2 
 
1. Download tar package from the nearest cpan mirror to C:\Temp\TEMP folder (could be other also ; ) 
2. Create Compress-Bzip2.ppd type of file , containging the following: 
 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<SOFTPKG NAME="Compress-Bzip2" VERSION="2,2,09"> 
<TITLE>Compress-Bzip2</TITLE>
<ABSTRACT>Blah</ABSTRACT>
<AUTHOR>Somebody</AUTHOR>
<IMPLEMENTATION> 
<CODEBASE HREF="file:///C|/Temp/TEMP/Compress-Bzip2-2.09.tar.gz "></CODEBASE>
<INSTALL></INSTALL>
<UNINSTALL></UNINSTALL>
</IMPLEMENTATION>
</SOFTPKG> 
 
Attention: . Name and codebase NOT C:\ BUT file:///C|
 
3. Open Dos prompt into the C:\Temp\TEMP (or whichever you prevered in the beginning) 
4. Run the command : 
ppm rep add downloadedTars C:\Temp\A_DOWNLOADS\downloaded _perlmodules 
In order to add the folder to the list of your current ppm repositories 
 
5. ppm install Compress-Bzip2
In order to install the module from the local folder 
 
6. ppm rep delete myNewRepository 
In order to remove the repository from the ppm 
#Add Nokia's servers to thte local ppm's repository 
ppm rep add linox1 http://linox.nokia.com/mirror/cpan/
ppm rep add linox2  ftp://linux.nokia.com/mirror/cpan/
 
 
#sleep for less than second in Windows 
use Win32 ; 
Win32::sleep ($time_in_milliseconds);
 
#=================================================================== 
#throw proper errro messages while checking the file size 
use File::stat qw(:FIELDS);
#create the obj wrapper for getting the file attributes 
my $st =stat($file) or croak ( "No $stdout : $!"); #die will shut down the program !!!! 
# get the file size 
my $size = $st->size();
$stat_obj =stat($stdout) or die "No $stdout: $!";
#throw proper errro messages ^^^^
($dev,$ino,$mode,$nlink,$uid,$gid,$rdev,$size,
$atime,$mtime,$ctime,$blksize,$blocks) 
= stat($filename);
#===================================================================
 
#================================================================
 
#get the computername of a computer 
$computername = $ENV{COMPUTERNAME} ; 
#get the username of the a Windows computer
$userName = $ENV{USERNAME} ; 
#get the name of the currrent executing script and ints pid 
print $0 , $$ ; 
#=========================================================== ======== 
#The textpad settings for jump to error for perl scripts File 1 Register 2
^.+at (.+) line ([0-9]+)[.,]?
exec *.pl *.pm *.cgi /s /b do  perl -wc 
 
#=========================================================== ===== 
 
#===================================================================
#======== Exctract only the name of a file witout the long path 
#=================================================================== 
 
my ($keijo) = "c:\\homo\\urpo\\neste\\kekvo.exe";
@homo = split(/\\/,$keijo);
$jee = pop(@homo);
#The same thing 
$file=~m/^.*(\\|\/)(.*)/; # strip the remote path and keep the filename
my $name = $2; 
 
#===================================================================
#=================================================================== 
#PRINT TILL THE END OF A LABLE 
#============================= ====================================== 
print <<END_HTML;
 
<html> <head> 
<title>thanks!</title> 
</head> 
 
<body> 
<p>thanks for uploading your photo!</p> 
 
<p>your photo:</p> 
<img src="/upload/$filename" border="0"> 
 
</body> </html> 
 
END_HTML
# IMPORTANT !!!! IF THERE ARE SPACES IN THE PREVIOUS LINE == SYNTAX ERROR 
 
#=================================================================== 
 
#check for file existance and other attributes 
$readfile="myfile.cgi";
 
if ( (-e $readfile) && (-r $readfile) ) 
{ 
#proceed with your code
}
 
#================================================================= 
#how to check my perl installed modules
#perldoc perllocal OR 
#ppm install ExtUtils::Installed save and run this one 
#source  http://www.cpan.org/misc/cpan-faq.html#How_installed_modules 
 
use ExtUtils::Installed;
my $instmod = ExtUtils::Installed->new();
foreach my $module ($instmod->modules()) 
{
my $version = $instmod->version($module) || "???"; 
print "$module -- $version\n"; 
}
#=================================================================
 
#How to check version of a module on Windows XP
perl  -le "use CGI; print $CGI::VERSION"
 
#change the @INC withing a perl script 
#Is Mail::Sendmail installed correctly? (Can you run a script with just "use Mail::Sendmail;"?) Check your @INC on your web server, and copy Sendmail.pm to a Mail subdirectory of one of the dirs. in your @INC. If you have not access to any of these, add the directory in a BEGIN block: 
#BEGIN{ unshift @INC, '/absolute/path/to/my/personal/perl_lib'; } and copy Sendmail.pm to /absolute/path/to/my/personal/perl_lib/Mail/Sendmail.pm. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
local( $/, *FILE ) ; 
open (FILE , $sessionFile ) or 
die "Cannot find $sessionFile !!! " ; 
$fileString = <FILE>; #slurp the whole file into one string !!! 
close FILE ; 
 
use Encode ; 
my $fileByteStream = decode('windows-1251', $fileString );
my $UTFSream = encode('UTF-8', $fileByteStream);
 
print "Read the whole directory for specific types of files " ; 
$dh = DirHandle->new($path) or die "Can't open $path : $!\n";
@files = grep { /\.[ch]$/i } $dh->read();
 
# START FOREACH LINE 
#SET HERE THE PATH TO THE FILE 
my $inputfile='DD61_STG_OMDW.vwFactUserRegistration.txt' ; 
 
#READ ALL ROWS OF A FILE TO ALIST 
open (INPUT, "<$inputfile") || print "could not open the file!\n"; 
my @lineArray = <INPUT>;
close INPUT;
 
 
#how-to print key values in hashes 
while( my ($key, $value) = each %$refHash) 
{
print "\n key: $key, value: $value.\n";
}
 
#<<DOC_END;
The purpose of the script is ... 
DOC_END
 

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