Vim Cheat Sheet

:help

:help .*open\&.*window ---

:help HelpForItem


vim , press Esc, press w to save the file ,q to quit

Working with files

:bn -- switch to the next file buffer

:bp -- switch to the previous file buffer

:ls -- list the opened file buffers

:buffer 17 --- go to the file with number 17 listed in the previous command

Go to line 10 :10
Redo Ctrl+R

gf -- open the file under the cursor in Normal mode

:bd --- close the current file buffer

:e /var/tmp.txt open new buffer (and window ) with the /var/tmp.txt file

:new /path/to/the/file/to/open in

set winheight=90 (also could be added to /etc/vimrc

vim *.pl --- open all Perl scripts in the current directory

:cnext :bn -- go to the next buffer

:ls list all the buffers

:bn 3 -- go the nubmer of the buffer listed from the previous command

to Quit VIM :q

to delete the line in the executable mode – dd

:split /usr/share/some.file --- opens a new file in a new window

:e /usr/share --- opens a directory (in a new buffer , no windows to mess around )

:w filename Save changes to a file. If you don't specify a file name, Vim saves as the file name you were editing. For saving the file under a different name, specify the file name.

:wq Write the file and exit.

:q! exit without saving (the hyphen meaning is the same for all commands )



Navigating

/itemToSearchInTheText --- works without the colon also

j , k , l ,h

gg --- go the begining of the document

G -- go the end of the document

Home End Ctrl + Home Ctrl + End , Ctrl + vasen nuoli Ctrl + oikea nuoli Ctrl + G

495G --- go to row number 495

'' ---- (Press ' twice ) jump back to line (where you came from)

Ctrl + O --- Ctrl + I --- e - 0 To the beginning of a line.
$ To the end of a line.
b To the beginning of a word.
:/tokenToSearch n - N -
:?tokenToSearch n - Ctrl + o - Ctrl + i - N -

[](){} %

Deleting
dd or :d Delete the current line.
Copy Paste
y (V) Yank the highlighted text. In Winblows terms, "copy the selected text to clipboard."
d (V) Delete the highlighted text. In Winblows terms, "cut the selected text to clipboard."
yy or :y or Y Yank the current line. You don't need to highlight it first.
u Undo the last action

Find and replace
:%s/foo/bar/g Replace every occurrence of the word foo with bar in the whole file.

:%s/^.*clear$\n//gi --- remove all the lines containing the string "clear"

Find/Replace:
Example:
:%s/fff/rrrrr/g - For all lines in a file, find string "fff" and replace with string "rrrrr" for each instance on a line.
:%s/fff/rrrrr/gc - For all lines in a file, find string "fff" and replace with string "rrrrr" for each instance on a line. Ask for confirmation
:'a,'bs/fff/rrrrr/gi - For all lines between line marked "a" (ma) and line marked "b" (mb), find string "fff" and replace with string "rrrrr" for each instance on a line. Case insensitive.
:%s/*$/ - For all lines in a file, delete blank spaces at end of line.
:%s/\(.*\):\(.*\)/\2:\1/g - For all lines in a file, move last field delimited by ":" to the first field. Swap fields if only two.
For more info type:
:help substitute
:help pattern
:help gdefault
:help cmdline-ranges


where vim sets the settings of the "sessions"

vim /root/.viminfo

vim /home/sysadmin/.viminfo

vim /home/nortel/.viminfo

How to edit the colors of the current color scheme:

1. Check the name of your current color scheme located at: /root/.vimrc or /home/usrname/.vimrc (attention come kind of aliasing ... )

set colorsheme=dark

2. Edit the current colorsheme

/usr/share/vim/vim63/colors/darkblue.vim

/comments

3. Pick a HEX number for the color of the comments you would prefer to have .. #40FF00 (google color table )

Ctrl-R Ctrl-F Enters the file under the cursor into the editor in you commend line (command mode).

Ctrl-R Ctrl-A Enters the text from the editor in you commend line (command mode).

Mappings

the keyboard shortcuts performing user defined commands which could be saved at the /etc/vimrc

map :bn! ---- Ctrl + Tab for switching to the next buffer

map :bn! :bd # --- Ctrl + F4 - for closing the current buffer

As most other *nix applications, you can also pause Vim with Ctrl-z, which will drop you back to the shell. When you're finished, you can resume Vim with fg. (This is a feature of the shell, not a Vim feature.)


Any UNIX command can be executed from the vi command line by typing an "!" before the UNIX command.
Examples:
":!pwd" - shows your current working directory.
":r !date" - reads the results from the date command into a new line following the cursor.

[[http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialAdvanced_vi.html]]